Menstrual cramps are sharp, sometimes tightening pains in the lower abdomen experienced just before or during menstruation. It is called dysmenorrhea.

It is common, affects more than half of women who menstruate. Some pain is expected during menstruation because of body chemicals called prostaglandins.

Having severe pain during menstruation may be caused by:

1. Uterine fibroid
2. Pelvic infection
3. Women on IUCD (intrauterine contraceptive device)
4. Ovarian cyst
5. Stress
6. Smoking
7. Other possible causes include endometriosis, cervical polyps

What you can do

1. Take an NSAID analgesic e.g. ibuprofen, piroxicam or diclofenac just before or at the onset of menstruation. Such drugs should not be used by people with history of stomach ulcer.
2. Get enough rest
3. Take adequate water
4. Put warm soaked towel on your lower tummy
5. A gentle massage of the lower abdomen may help
6. If the pain persists, visit a doctor.